Pdf comparative study of using different electric motors in. Have an electric motor that uses a rechargeable battery to generate at least four kilowatthours of capacity. The all electric vehicle lost because of the lack of range from current battery technology. Comparative study is a crucial step in designing the overall system.
Minimum sound requirements for hybrid and electric vehicles. Phevs use batteries to power an electric motor and use another fuel. There is a number of different ways to implement regenerative braking in a bldc motor. The first battery electric vehicles that will appear on the market are passenger cars in the lower car segments. An electric vehicle may be powered by a collector system by electricity from off vehicle sources. The electric vehicle has one moving part, the motor, whereas the gasolinepowered. In this study, six kinds of the drivetrain systems of electric motor drives for evs are discussed. It is therefore used in starter motors of cars and elevator motors p. The rotor has salient poles and a cage so that it starts like an induction motor, and runs like a synchronous motor. Electric vehicle was converted mainly from the existence of an internal combustion vehicle by replacing the internal combustion engine and fuel tank with an electric drive motor and a battery unit while retaining all other components as shown in figure 1. Moto electric vehicles is your factorydirect source for motoev street legal carts, electric shuttles, gsa golf carts as well as a variety of commercial utility vehicles equipped to handle tasks in todays lowspeed environments.
However, the motor maximum speed cannot be increased indefinitely without incurring more cost and transmission requirements. Introduction an electric vehicle ev is a type of vehicle which employs the use of one or more electric motors for the propulsion. Therefore, these vehicles replace the internal combustion engine in conventional cars and automobiles with electric motors. An electric vehicle, also called an ev, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion. Jan 03, 2019 pdf motor vehicle mechanic free ebooks download. Plugin hybrid electric vehicles are powered by an internal combustion engine that can run on conventional or alternative fuel and an electric motor that uses energy stored in a battery. Phevs plugin hybrid electric vehicles use batteries to power an electric motor, plug into the electric grid to charge, and use a petroleumbased or alternative fuel to power the internal combustion engine. Moreover, bldc motor has high efficiency, high torque, wide speed range, and low maintenance, since it has no brushes 3 4 5.
Hevs are powered by an ice and by an electric motor that uses energy stored in a battery. Introduction the major components of an electric vehicle sy stem are the motor, controller, power supply, charger and drive train wry, 2003. Phaseout of credit for new qualified plugin electric drive. One useful side effect of this fuel is that it provides a lot of lost heat but is at least 12 percent less polluting than diesel. In most of the cases the electric current has been supplied from the battery in the electrical vehicle 2. Also use form 8936 to figure your credit for certain qualified twowheeled plugin electric vehicles discussed under whats new, earlier. An important component that is an integral part of all electric vehicles is the motor. Another significant difference between electric vehicles and gasolinepowered vehicles is the number of moving parts. This method is based on the use of a dcdc converter combined with a brushless dc motor. This course also covers potential future technologies in electric vehicle propulsion systems. The selection of motor for a specific electric vehicle is dependent on many factors, such as the intention of the ev, ease of control, etc. At least one of the two magnetic field is generated by a solenoid carrying a current. It comprehensively presents vehicle performance, configuration, control strategy, design methodology, modeling, and simulation for different conventional and modern vehicles based on mathematical equations.
Meet the future electric concept vehicles from vw volkswagen. All electric vehicles aev, as their name suggests, run solely on electricity. Index terms electric vehicles, electric motor drive, electric motors, fossil fuel, propulsion. The electric vehicle has several unique components that serve the same function as the more common components in a gasolinepowered vehicle. General motors produced the first modern electric automobile in 1996. Inspecting electric drive vehicles federal motor carrier. The disadvantages are high initial cost, and more complicated motor speed controllers wu et al.
This type of vehicle has gasoline as a backup but can also be plugged into an electric power source to charge the battery. Permanent magnet synchronous motor drives for hybrid electric vehicles eiji sato. A gasoline engine, with its fuel lines, exhaust pipes, coolant hoses and intake manifold, tends to look like a plumbing project. Components and systems for electric vehicles hevsevs. In comparison, the power system of gasolinepowered vehicles consists of a number of components, such as the.
Moto electric vehicles street legal golf carts and electric. Huge buzz is already surrounding the three highly anticipated volkswagen electric concept vehicles. The power system of an electric vehicle consists of just two components. Pdf comparative study of using different electric motors. Both the engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission at the same time, and the transmission then turns the wheels. The electric vehicle market has witnessed rapid evolution with the ongoing developments in automotive sector. Aevs include battery electric vehicles bevs and fuel cell electric vehicles fcevs. It is estimated that 25% of the total cars across the world will run on electricity by 2025. Motor torque calculations for electric vehicle saurabh chauhan abstract. Hybrid and plugin electric vehicles all electric and plugin hybrid electric vehicles are charged by plugging the vehicle into an electric power source. Vehicle parts moto electric vehicles stocks the largest inventory of electric cart parts for the brands motoev, bintelli, and citecar.
The credit attributable to depreciable property vehicles used for business or investment purposes is treated as a general business. Analysis of the electric vehicle industry primary authors jennifer todd is an economic development associate at iedc. Performance, energy consumption and electric motor thermal capability. A comprehensive study of key electric vehicle ev components. Electric motor propulsion system for electric vehicles ev. The base year for the report is 2018, and the forecast period is from 2019 to 2030. Pdf electrical motor drivelines in commercial allelectric vehicles. Trapping the heat in an electric vehicle using an enclosed burner would be essentially the same as trapping it from a propane motor.
A bldc motor is composed of the motor, controller and position sensor. With the recent introduction of the chevrolet volt and the nissan leaf, manufacturers of electric vehicles have made great strides in terms. Questions about electric vehicle cost parity are broadly important to help inform the types of regulatory policy and incentives that would be most effective for the transition to a mainstream electric vehicle market. Electricdrive vehicles alternative fuels data center energy. But addressing elements of the product and business model can put them on a better path. There are various electric vehicles available in market. The total fuel efficiency during the cycle process in alair electric vehicles evs can be 15% present.
Thus the vehicle performance is completely determined by the torque speed or powerspeed characteristic of the traction motor. Update on electric vehicle costs in the united states through. In control of electric vehicle, the control obje ctive is the torque of the driving machine. Ev power systems motors and controllers the power system of an electric vehicle consists of just two components.
The book deals with the fundamentals, theory, and design of conventional cars with internal combustion engines ices, electric vehicles evs, hybrid electric vehicles hevs, and fuel cell vehicles fcvs. The vehicle uses a large traction battery pack to power the electric motor and must be plugged in to a charging station or wall outlet to charge. Thus the torque is proportional 2to i so it gives the highest torque per current ratio over all other dc motors. Bldc motors are often used as the prime mover of evs since bldc motors are the most efficient machine among other types of electric machines 1, 2. An electric vehicle may be powered by a collector system by electricity from offvehicle sources. Based on manufacturer estimates of epa test cycles, each is anticipated to have an impressive range off a single charge and characteristic volkswagen performance.
Both types of electric motors are used in electric vehicles and have. The magnet is spun by a 3 phase ac motor with no rotor voltage 4. Manufacturers of electric vehicles require a wellthoughtout drive technology with the. The new qualified plugin electric drive motor vehicle credit begins to phase out for a manufacturers vehicles in the second calendar quarter after the calendar quarter in which at least 200,000 of the manufacturers vehicles that qualify for the credit have been sold for use or lease in the. Control of electric vehicle qi huang, jian li and yong chen university of electronic science and technology of china p. Permanent magnet synchronous motor drives for hybrid electric. Qualified plugin electric drive motor vehicle credit. Furthermore, the requirements of evs on electric motor drives are presented. In both cases, the electric motor is very efficient, using 9095% of the input energy to power the. Electric motors for electric vehicle market growth. Therefore, it is the ideal motor for lightweight evehicles for recreational uses, for offroad vehicles for example, golf cars or atvs and alternatively for transport vehicles that have limited space, like for example in mail delivery. Total ev sales for 2018 were up 81% compared to 2017. This means that the performance of a vehicle with a 100 kw electric motor exceeds that of a vehicle with a 100 kw internal combustion.
With a wide range of seating options and load capacities, our street legal vehicles provide costconscious and. Update on electric vehicle costs in the united states. Increasing the maximum speed of the motor can reduce the motor size by allowing gearing to increase shaft torque. Petrol and diesel powered passenger vehicles in the submini class, mini class and the compact class are compared with battery electric vehicles from the same classes. Types of electric drive commercial motor vehicles, cmvs electric drive vehicles, including hybrid electric vehicles, plug in hybrid electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and fuel cell electric vehicles have high voltage electrical systems not found on typical vehicles powered only by gasoline or diesel engines. Electric vehicle uptake is especially concentrated where targeted electric vehicle policies proactively address electric vehicle barriers related to model. Innovative motor vehicle and truck page 1 of 5 1219 credits for electric and plugin hybrid electric vehicles colorado allows innovative motor vehicle and innovative truck credits for the purchase, lease, or conversion of motor vehicles, trucks, and trailers that use certain alternative fuels.
Pdf motor vehicle mechanic free ebooks download free. Plugin hybrid electric vehicles phevs allelectric vehicles evs together, phevs and evs can also be referred to as plugin electric vehicles pevs. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains are dieselelectric hybrids. The power of a vehicles electric motor, as in other vehicles, is measured in kilowatts kw.
With a wide range of seating options and load capacities, our street legal vehicles provide costconscious and reliable transportation solutions, and any vehicle. Hybrid electric vehicles hevs are powered by an internal combustion engine ice and by an electric motor that uses energy stored in a battery. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel electric hybrids. They receive electricity by plugging into the grid and store it in batteries. The electric motor operation is based on the following points. Cheng 2009 discussed the recent development in the electric vehicles in the asian countries discussing the electric power battery, electric motor, braking system, steering and suspension. Photo by andrew hudgins, nrel 17416 electric drive vehicles at a glance hevs. The electric vehicles market is projected to reach 26,951,318 units by 2030 from an estimated 3,269,671 units in 2019, at a cagr of 21. Electric vehicle heating and cooling automotive iq. Aevs allelectric vehicles are powered by one or more electric motors. Form 8936 is attached to the individual taxpayers form 1040, u. The future looks bright for electricvehicle ev growth.
Pdf comparative study of using different electric motors in the. Determining electric motor load and efficiency most likely your operations motors account for a large part of your monthly electric bill. All electric vehicles evs have an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine. Pdf in this study, six kinds of the drivetrain systems of electric motor drives for evs are discussed. Get more information about hybrid electric vehicle pdf by visiting this link. Selection of the traction motor for an electric vehicle system ii. In comparison, an electric vehicle ev uses an electric motor for propulsion. Pinterest the worlds catalog of ideas schematic symbols chart electric circuit a considerably complete alphabetized table electrical terminal relay for wiring diagram.
This paper describes the independent switching scheme for regenerative braking 1 as applied to a developmental electric vehicle at the university of south australia. Description of an electric vehicle the electric vehicle ev is propelled by an electric motor, powered by rechargeable battery packs, rather than a gasoline engine. Frankie clogston is an iedc consultant and a phd candidate at johns hopkins university. A vehicle, in order to meet its operational requirement. Pinterest the worlds catalog of ideas schematic symbols chart electric circuit a considerably complete. All electric vehicles use a battery that powers the motor and must be plugged in to charge. Uses soft magnet rotor that is magnetized by the application of current in the stator coils 3. It is contributing to the environmental compatibility of vehicles by providing inverter, motor, and battery products along with solution technologies that combine these products. An introduction to electric motors home stmicroelectronics. Initially, relevant background information regarding the state of california is provided and projected for the year of 2040. Requirements of evs on electric motor drives high instant power and high power density. In the 1960s and 1970s electric vehicles reappeared because internal combustion vehicles were creating an unhealthy environment for the people in america at that time.
Different types of motors used in electric vehicles. If the vehicle no longer qualifies for the credit, you may have to recapture part or all of the credit. Within an electric motor, many parts have electrical. This book includes vehicle system analysis, icebased drive trains, ev. Electric vehicle market growth, industry trends, and. It comprehensively presents vehicle performance, configuration, control strategy, design. An electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by electricity from offvehicle sources, or may be selfcontained with a battery, solar panels or an electric generator to convert fuel to electricity. Electric motors for electric vehicle market growth, trends, and forecast 2020 2025 the electric motors for electric vehicle market is segmented by application passenger cars and commercial vehicles, motor type ac motor and dc motor, vehicle type hybrid electric vehicle hev, plugin hybrid electric vehicle phev, and batterypure electric vehicle pev. In cold climates like scandinavia, propane vehicles are common. The motor topologies that are the best candidates to be. Moto electric vehicles maintains two separate warehouses which is fully stocked with replacement parts for your immediate purchase. Evs also known as plugin electric vehicles derive all or part of their power from electricity supplied by the electric grid. During the infancy of the automobile, electric and gasoline vehicles competed for dominance of the market. Desired output characteristicsc of electric motor drives in evs ev drives versus industrial drives in evs, only traction motor delivers torque to the driven wheels.
In modern electric equipment, especially electric vehicles, inverter control systems can lead to complex shaft voltages and bearing currents. Electric vehicles and regenerative braking in recent times, electric vehicles evs have re. Choice of the electric motor for an electric vehicle ev framework is a significant advance. Aev motors are electric and powered by rechargeable battery packs. The phase relation between the rotor and stator magnetic field i. Electric motors for electric vehicle market growth, trends. Electric motors for electric vehicle market growth, trends, and forecast 2020 2025 the electric motors for electric vehicle market is segmented by application passenger cars and commercial vehicles, motor type ac motor and dc motor, vehicle type hybrid electric vehicle hev, plugin hybrid electric vehicle phev, and batterypure electric vehicle pev, and geography.
As vehicles evolve, electric powertrains are becoming smaller and lighter while gaining higher. Topics include the rationale for electric vehicles, safety, battery technologies, basic battery testing, electric machine motor types, electric machine operation, power management, power inverters, dc to dc converters, and accessory systems. Jess chen is a research fellow and a phd candidate at american university. Hybrid electric vehicle hev hybrid electric vehicles hevs have two complementary drive systems. Article pdf 743kb trends in electricvehicle design. Comparative study of using different electric motors in the electric vehicles. Because it runs on electricity, the vehicle emits no exhaust from a tailpipe and does not contain the typical liquid. We also identified three archetypes of battery heating. Motors for electric vehicles abm greiffenberger antriebstechnik. Depending on the type of battery, a vehicle recharge may take as little as 30 minutes via fast charging or up to a full day when using level 1 charging. The concept behind the standard motor is to reduce the development workload and to standardize components, production equipment, and manufacturing practices by designing standard motor specifications that will suit a variety of different types of electric vehicles, such as hevs, evs, and plugin hevs phevs, as well as different size classes. Far too often motors are mismatchedor oversizedfor the load they are intended to serve, or have been rewound multiple times.
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